Which statement about xanthine derivatives is not true?

Xanthine derivatives are indeed effective bronchodilators, with the ability to relax bronchial smooth muscle and improve airflow. However, their role in managing pulmonary diseases, primarily asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), has evolved over time.

Historically, xanthine derivatives such as theophylline were considered important for treating these conditions. However, advancements in pharmacotherapy have led to the development of more effective and safer medications, such as inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-agonists, which have largely supplanted xanthines as first-line treatments. This reflects a shift in treatment paradigms, where providers now prefer these newer options for their efficacy and more favorable side effect profiles.

While xanthine derivatives continue to have a role in certain cases—particularly for individuals who do not respond adequately to more standard treatments—they are no longer considered the drugs of choice in managing pulmonary diseases due to this shift in clinical preferences and evidence-based guidelines. They can certainly be utilized for long-term management and can have significant side effects, which further affects their standing in contemporary treatment regimens.