University of Central Florida (UCF) HSC3147 Introduction to Pharmacology Practice Exam

Diuretics are medications commonly used to help the body eliminate excess fluid, primarily by increasing urine production. A significant concern with the use of these medications arises from their impact on electrolyte levels.

Diuretics can lead to imbalances in key electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium. For instance, some diuretics can cause a decrease in potassium levels (hypokalemia), which can have serious consequences, including muscle weakness and arrhythmias. Monitoring and managing these electrolyte levels are therefore crucial when a patient is on diuretics to avoid complications that could arise from these imbalances.

While dehydration can also be a concern, particularly in patients using diuretics, the direct effects of diuretics on electrolyte levels often manifest as more immediate and critical issues, hence highlighting why electrolyte levels are a primary concern. Weight gain is generally not associated with diuretics, as they are often used to decrease fluid retention, and bradycardia is not a direct effect of diuretics specifically. Therefore, focusing on electrolyte disturbance as a primary concern is crucial in the pharmacological management of patients using diuretics.